Saudi Aramco shares hit the lowest level since their market debut on Sunday, as Gulf bourses were hit by a panicky sell-off amid Iranian vows of retaliation over the US killing of a top general.
All seven bourses in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states closed in the red, on the first trading day since the death of powerful military commander Qasem Soleimani.
All six member states — Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates — are US allies and lie on the opposite side of the narrow Gulf, making them easy targets for the Islamic republic.
Some of the GCC members, notably Kuwait, Qatar and Bahrain, are home to major US military bases while Washington maintains hundreds of troops in Saudi Arabia.
